Method of and apparatus for curling hair



March zo,V 1956 y M. s. vooRHEEs 2,738,793

METHOD oF AND APPARATUS FOR CURLING HAIR Filed July 19. 1952 ATTORNEY United States Patent O METHOD or AND APPARATUS Fon 1 CURLING HAIR Milton s. Voorhees, Point Pleasant Bench, N. J., assignmto Jet Permanent Wave Corp., Point Pleasant Beach, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey Application Joly 19, 19152, serial No. 299,813

s 'cloinin (cl.1s2;7)`

This invention relates toa method of andyapparatus for curling hair for .permanent waving and other purposes. Y

Under procedures heretofore popularly used in the beautician profession it was customary tosaturate the hair with the hair curling-lotion and then wind sections of hair onto individual curlers, to which the sections were secured by a band or the like. 'This step in the previous Y methods, which is obviated pursuant to my invention, is objectionable in that `saturation ofthe scalp results in lotion running along the head, andrneck of theperson being treated-an awkward and `unsanitary procedure.

Furthermore. the operators hands come into direct con- Y tact with the lotion-bearing Sections of hairlin winding the latter onto the curlers and also with the lotion which is present in surplus amounts'in draining along the head and neck.- Gloves have been used in some cases-p-an awkward arrangement,

due to contact with the lotion. The winding of hair which has been saturated withflotion onto the curleirsyis objectionable as the hair apparently becomes weakened Unless extreme care wasfexercised A most operators in time sustained infections in their hands and stretchedthereby and may be damaged in handling. I, Y The usual step of fastening sections of hairwhich have been saturated with lotion tothe curlers by lengths of cord or elastic results in leaving a vweakened line near the scalp, .causing breakage of-the hair at that point in time.

Y The method and apparatus of the present invention overcomenthe above noted and other objections to the previous methods used. One of such other objections sequently applied more rapidly and completely.V The l lotion is then applied from inside the curler outwardly; thus the ends of the hair, which are the oldest and most abused parts of the hair, are mildly treated with the lotion which has passed through the hair and tends to concentrate on the outer convolutions wound onto the curler, where the hair, being nearer the scalp, is stronger and better able to stand the action of the lotion. As a iinal step the outer convolution of hair may have more lotion applied thereto. By the method of this invention the hair lotion is essentially kept away from the scalp (where it is not needed but where it concentrated in previous procedures) avoiding discomfort and irritation of lotion running down the face and neck of the patron. The processing time is considerably shortened and exact control of the application of lotion is exercised by the opertudinal aperture 11, as'shown in Fig. 3. fbe applied to the hair, usually bought in bottles 30, was Iheretofore compounded .in various strengths, namely,

ice

ator, who may observe the work in progress at all times. The invention further enables the operator to dilute the lotion to the degree required for the particular application at hand, enabling a single, standard lotion to be used andv to be modied by the operator at will. The operator does not need to wear gloves, which slow down the operation. The hair does not have thefrizzy ends resulting from conventional procedures and the curls obtained are stronger and longerlasting.

These and other advantageous objects which will appear from the drawings and from the description hereinafter, are 4accomplished by the structure of my invention, of which `an embodiment isillustrated inthe drawings. It will be apparent, from a consideration of said drawingsand the following description, that the invention may be ,embodied in other forms suggested thereby, and such other forms as come within the scope of the appended claims are to be considered within the scope and purview of the instant invention.

Inthe drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a section of hair wound on hair-curling bar pursuant to the invention,

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view thereof, taken on line 2--2 of Fig. 1, A

. Pig 3 is an elevational view taken online 3--3 of Fig. l, showing,` fragmentarily, an atomizer end inserted into the curler bar pursuant to the invention, v

.Fig 4 is a schematic view of the atomizer applied to the curler bar pursuant tothe invention and showing a .pressuresource `connected to the lotion jar to which the atomizer is connected, and

"Fig 5 isa fragmentary, schematic view of an ozone .lotion neutralizing arrangement which may be used in connection with the invention.

The process of this invention is .carried out as follows:

erably of a convex outlinelongitudinally, with a longitudinal aperture 11 therethrough and a transverse aper- :ture 12 opening into and connecting the longitudinal aperture with the outer surfaces of the bar 10. A fastening 'member 13, which may be of any desired or convenient construction,- and may be, for example, an elastic band or other fastening member is secured at one end 14 to ,one end of the bar 10 and has secured to the other end thereof a cap 16 or other holding means to be removably -inserted into the aperture 11 of the bar 10. The means bywhich the end 17 of fastening member 13 is secured to the end of the bar` 10 is not material to the present invention. In the form shown in the drawings, this is attained jby providing'the cap 16 with an open boss 18 to be Ypositioned within the enlarged end of the longi- The lotion to normal, resistant,vbleached and dyed. However, pursuant to the present invention, the lotion is preferably diluted to a degree which is subject to control by the operator by virtue of which one standard strength of lotion would be suited for all purposes. It is injected into the longitudinal aperture 11 and thence onto the hair 19 wound on the curler. Thus a convenient, neat and effective procedure is provided for application of the lotion to the hair and for the formation of the desired curl thereby. To that end, a vaporizer unit 31 which is adapted to be screwed onto the neck or otherwise secured to the bottle of lotion is provided having an aspirator tube 32 to project interiorly of the bottle. Unit 31 has a discharge tube 33 which the operator may conveniently insert into the longitudinal aperture 11 of the bar 10, as shown in Fig. 8. The unit is further provided with a 3 trigger 34 whereby the operator may control the quantity of lotion injected into the curler and thus hair 19 wound thereon.

The lotion is injected under pressure to the inside of the curler after winding the hair while still wet after the shampoo. No lotion is applied to the hair until the winding is finished. The lotion is carbonated inside the curler right on the ends of the hair by the carbon dioxide or other gas from pressure source 35. The water content of the lotion is converted to carbonio acid by the carbon dioxide, if the latter is the gas used, which slightly normalizes the solution and its effervescent action makes it milder and still more penetrating. Therefore, the ends of the hair are thoroughly saturated and cannot be overprocessed, so frizzy ends that have to be cutafter the wave are not produced. The lotion is on the hair a much shorter time than with any other method.

It will be appreciated that the foregoing arrangement provides for an accurate control of the quantity of lotion injected into each curl` and makes it possible for the operator to do her work more accurately and conveniently than with previous methods. The lotion 30 may be contained within the jar under pressure in the initial preparation of the lotion jar and attached vaporizer unit or pressure may be applied thereto from a source 35 connected to the unit 31 by any suitable means, such as flexible tube 36. If desired, a valve 37 may be provided, whereby the operator may control the pressure applied. Other pressure lines may be provided for connection with other vaporizer units so that the single pressure source 35 may be connected to a number of units to be used by a number of operators, for example, in a beauty parlor, if desired. The pressure source 35 is preferably a tank of carbon dioxide, compressed air or other source operative on the lotion 30 in bottle 20. It may be a gas which will carbonate or partly dilute or neutralize the lotion so that it will be less damaging to the hair. Better saturation is attained as the lotion is applied from the inside of thecurled hair on the bar 10, thereby making the operation more positive. The sections of hair are treated one at a time over the entire head and then may be sprayed with the same or more concentrated lotion on the outer section of the hair or part nearest the scalp, which is always more resistant, obtaining better saturation and shortening the processing time. The processing time is determined according to the type of hair and amount of curl desired. Surplus moisture may be absorbed from each roll of hair by means of pressing a towel against each curl. The hair may then be rinsed with plain water.

The neutralizer is then applied in the same manner as in the application of the lotion fluid, except much more freely and is allowed to remain on the hair for a predetermined time interval and then the curls of hair are unrolled, and the waves are finished. Pressure source 35 may be provided with on-olf valve 22, and with suitable gauges 23, 24, and may be movable and portable.

Ozone may be used as a neutralizer for the lotion solution 30. The ozone source shown in Fig. 5 at 40 may be an electrical device wherein air is passed through the brush discharge of high voltage current between two metal electrodes, part of the oxygen of the dry air being converted into ozone which may be passed from source 49 through the tube 36 and into solution jar 30. A suitable valve means 41 mayy be provided for control of the passage of ozone. The ozone may be formed by a jet of burning hydrogen, or an electrically heated loop of platinum wire, immersed in liquid oxygen, or by the usenof anyother desired electrical or chemical means suitable fortthe purpose and connected with or independent of pressure source 35.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. In an apparatus for curling hair, a bar having an axial aperture and a transverse aperture opening thereinto, means to hold a lock of hair wound onto said bar thereon, means for injecting a lotion through the axial and transverse apertures and thereby onto the hair said lotion injecting means including an aspirator tube connected with a lotion reservoir, and a carbon dioxide discharge tube connected to said lotion injecting means to elfect said injection under pressure.

2. In an apparatus for curling hair, a bar on which a lock of hair may be curled, said bar having a first aperture axially opening into one end thereof, and a transverse aperture opening thereinto, a lotion containing jar, a vaporizing unit closing the top of said jar and having an aspirator tube projecting interiorly thereof for immersion in the lotion therein, a discharge tube connected to said unit projecting exteriorly of the jar for discharge of the lotion drawn through the aspirator tube, said discharge tube adapted to be positioned against the irst aperture of the bar for projection of the lotion therethough, and

`a source of carbon dioxide gas connected to said Vaporizing unitfor exerting pressure through said discharge tube to'thereby draw the lotion up through the aspirator tube and out of the discharge tube and thence through the first and transverse apertures of the bar and onto the lock of hair.

3. A method of curling hair comprising winding a lock of hair onto a longitudinal bar having connected transverse and end apertures, positioning a discharge tube connected with an aspirator tube in a lotion jar against the end aperture of the bar and actuating a trigger connecting a carbon dioxide gas line with said discharge tube sov as to attain a jet discharge of the lotion in said unit through the discharge tube and thence through the aperture of the bar and onto the lock of hair under carbon dioxide gas pressure.

, References Cited inthe file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,943,889 Gentile Jan. 16, 1934 2,331,065 Willat Oct. 5, 1943 2,404,517 Molchan July 23, 1946 2,434,279 McDonough Jan. 13, 1948 l2,461,883 Elsasser Feb. 15, 1949 

